RH134 - ch08s02

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Guided Exercise: Managing Layered Storage with Stratis

In this exercise, you will use Stratis to create file systems from pools of storage provided by physical storage devices.

Outcomes

You should be able to:

Create a thin-provisioned file system using Stratis storage management solution.
Verify that the Stratis volumes grow dynamically to support real-time data growth.
Access data from the snapshot of a thin-provisioned file system.

On workstation, run lab advstorage-stratis start to start the exercise. This script sets up the environment correctly and ensures that the additional disks on servera are clean.

[student@workstation ~]$ lab advstorage-stratis start

From workstation, open an SSH session to servera as student.

[student@workstation ~]$ ssh student@servera
...output omitted...
[student@servera ~]$

Switch to the root user.

[student@servera ~]$ sudo -i
[sudo] password for student: student
[root@servera ~]#

Install the stratisd and stratis-cli packages using the yum command.

[root@servera ~]# yum install stratisd stratis-cli
...output omitted...
Is this ok [y/N]: y
...output omitted...
Complete!

Activate the stratisd service using the systemctl command.
```
[root@servera ~]# systemctl enable --now stratisd
```
Ensure that the stratispool1 Stratis pool exists with the block device /dev/vdb.
1. Create a Stratis pool named stratispool1 using the stratis pool create command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis pool create stratispool1 /dev/vdb
```
2. Verify the availability of stratispool1 using the stratis pool list command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis pool list
Name                        Total Physical
stratispool1  5 GiB / 37.63 MiB / 4.96 GiB
```
  Note the size of the pool in the preceding output.
Expand the capacity of stratispool1 using the /dev/vdc block device.
1. Add the block device /dev/vdc to stratispool1 using the stratis pool add-data command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis pool add-data stratispool1 /dev/vdc
```
2. Verify the size of stratispool1 using the stratis pool list command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis pool list
Name                         Total Physical
stratispool1  10 GiB / 41.63 MiB / 9.96 GiB
```
  As shown above, the stratispool1 pool size increased when you added the block device.
3. Verify the block devices that are currently members of stratispool1 using the stratis blockdev list command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis blockdev list stratispool1
Pool Name     Device Node  Physical Size  Tier
stratispool1  /dev/vdb             5 GiB  Data
stratispool1  /dev/vdc             5 GiB  Data
```
Add a thin-provisioned file system named stratis-filesystem1 in the pool stratispool1. Mount the file system on /stratisvol. Create a file on the stratis-filesystem1 file system named file1 containing the text Hello World!.
1. Create the thin-provisioned file system stratis-filesystem1 on stratispool1 using the stratis filesystem create command. It may take up to a minute for the command to complete.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem create stratispool1 stratis-filesystem1
```
2. Verify the availability of stratis-filesystem1 using the stratis filesystem list command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem list
Pool Name     Name                 Used     Created            Device                                                  UUID
stratispool1  stratis-filesystem1  546 MiB  Mar 29 2019 07:48  /stratis/stratispool1/stratis-filesystem1  8714...e7db
```
  Note the current usage of stratis-filesystem1. This usage of the file system increases on-demand in the following steps.
3. Create a directory named /stratisvol using the mkdir command.
```
[root@servera ~]# mkdir /stratisvol
```
4. Mount stratis-filesystem1 on /stratisvol using the mount command.
```
[root@servera ~]# mount /stratis/stratispool1/stratis-filesystem1 /stratisvol
```
5. Verify that the stratis-filesystem1 volume is mounted on /stratisvol using the mount command.
```
[root@servera ~]# mount
...output omitted...
/dev/mapper/stratis-1-5c0e...12b9-thin-fs-8714...e7db on /stratisvol type xfs (rw,relatime,seclabel,attr2,inode64,sunit=2048,swidth=2048,noquota)
```
6. Create the text file /stratisvol/file1 using the echo command.
```
[root@servera ~]# echo "Hello World!" > /stratisvol/file1
```
Verify that the thin-provisioned file system stratis-filesystem1 dynamically grows as the data on the file system grows.
1. View the current usage of stratis-filesystem1 using the stratis filesystem list command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem list
Pool Name     Name                 Used     Created            Device                                     UUID
stratispool1  stratis-filesystem1  546 MiB  Mar 29 2019 07:48  /stratis/stratispool1/stratis-filesystem1  8714...e7db
```
2. Create a 2 GiB file on stratis-filesystem1 using the dd command. It may take up to a minute for the command to complete.
```
[root@servera ~]# dd if=/dev/urandom of=/stratisvol/file2 bs=1M count=2048
```
3. Verify the usage of stratis-filesystem1 using the stratis filesystem list command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem list
Pool Name     Name                 Used      Created            Device                                     UUID
stratispool1  stratis-filesystem1  2.53 GiB  Mar 29 2019 07:48  /stratis/stratispool1/stratis-filesystem1  8714...e7db
            
```
  The preceding output shows that the usage of stratis-filesystem1 has increased. The increase in the usage confirms that the thin-provisioned file system has dynamically expanded to accommodate the real-time data growth you created with /stratisvol/file2.
Create a snapshot of stratis-filesystem1 named stratis-filesystem1-snap. The snapshot will provide you with access to any file that is deleted from stratis-filesystem1.
1. Create a snapshot of stratis-filesystem1 using the stratis filesystem snapshot command. It may take up to a minute for the command to complete.
  The following command is long and should be entered as a single line.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem snapshot stratispool1 stratis-filesystem1 stratis-filesystem1-snap
```
2. Verify the availability of the snapshot using the stratis filesystem list command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem list
...output omitted...
stratispool1  stratis-filesystem1-snap  2.53 GiB  Mar 29 2019 10:28  /stratis/stratispool1/stratis-filesystem1-snap  291d...8a16
```
3. Remove the /stratisvol/file1 file.
```
[root@servera ~]# rm /stratisvol/file1
rm: remove regular file '/stratisvol/file1'? y
```
4. Create the directory /stratisvol-snap using the mkdir command.
```
[root@servera ~]# mkdir /stratisvol-snap
```
5. Mount the stratis-filesystem1-snap snapshot on /stratisvol-snap using the mount command.
  The following command is long and should be entered as a single line.
```
[root@servera ~]# mount /stratis/stratispool1/stratis-filesystem1-snap /stratisvol-snap
```
6. Confirm that you can still access the file you deleted from stratis-filesystem1 using the stratis-filesystem1-snap snapshot.
```
[root@servera ~]# cat /stratisvol-snap/file1
Hello World!
```

Unmount /stratisvol and /stratisvol-snap using the umount command.

[root@servera ~]# umount /stratisvol-snap
[root@servera ~]# umount /stratisvol

Remove the thin-provisioned file system stratis-filesystem1 and its snapshot stratis-filesystem1-snap from the system.
1. Destroy stratis-filesystem1-snap using the stratis filesystem destroy command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem destroy stratispool1 stratis-filesystem1-snap
```
2. Destroy stratis-filesystem1 using the stratis filesystem destroy command.
```
[root@servera ~]# stratis filesystem destroy stratispool1 stratis-filesystem1
```
3. Exit the root user's shell and log out of servera.
```
[root@servera ~]# exit
logout
[student@servera ~]$ exit
logout
Connection to servera closed.
[student@workstation ~]$ 
```

Finish

On workstation, run the lab advstorage-stratis finish command to complete this exercise. This script deletes the partitions and files created throughout the exercise and ensures that the environment is clean.

[student@workstation ~]$ lab advstorage-stratis finish

This concludes the guided exercise.

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Is It possible to reset root password when the system is on multi-user.target?

jennifer1987

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21 lip 2023

Build the skills to perform the key tasks needed to become a full-time Linux administratorRed Hat System Administration II (RH134) is the second part of the RHCSA training track for IT professionals who have already attended Red Hat System Administration I. The course goes deeper into core Linux system administration skills in storage configuration and management, installation and deployment of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, management of security features such as SELinux, control of recurring system tasks, management of the boot process and troubleshooting, basic system tuning, and command-line automation and productivity. This course assumes that students have attended Red Hat System Administration I (RH124).Experienced Linux administrators who seek rapid preparation for the RHCSA certification should instead start with RHCSA Rapid Track (RH199).This course is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0.Course summaryInstall Red Hat Enterprise Linux using scalable methodsAccess security files, file systems, and networksExecute shell scripting and automation techniquesManage storage devices, logical volumes, and file systemsManage security and system accessControl the boot process and system servicesRun containersAudience for this courseThis course is geared toward Windows system administrators, network administrators, and other system administrators who are interested in supplementing current skills or backstopping other team members, in addition to Linux system administrators who are responsible for these tasks:Configuring, installing, upgrading, and maintaining Linux systems using established standards and proceduresProviding operational supportManaging systems for monitoring system performance and availabilityWriting and deploying scripts for task automation and system administrationRecommended trainingSuccessful completion of Red Hat System Administration I (RH124) is recommended.Experienced Linux administrators seeking to accelerate their path toward becoming a Red Hat Certified System Administrator should start with the RHCSA Rapid Track course (RH199).Take our free assessment to gauge whether this offering is the best fit for your skills.Technology considerationsThere are no special technology requirements.This course is not designed for bring your own device (BYOD).Internet access is not required, but is recommended to allow students to research and access Red Hat online resources.

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