RH134 - ch01s06

On workstation, run the lab console-regex start command. This command runs a start script that determines if the servera machine is reachable on the network. It also installs the postfix package.

[student@workstation ~]$ lab console-regex start

Use the ssh command to log in to servera as the student user. The systems are configured to use SSH keys for authentication, therefore a password is not required.
```
[student@workstation ~]$ ssh student@servera
...output omitted...
[student@servera ~]$  
```
Use the sudo -i command to switch to the root user. The password for the student user is student.
```
[student@servera ~]$ sudo -i
[sudo] password for student: student
[root@servera ~]# 
```
The postfix package was installed today by the start script. Use the grep command to find the GID and UID for the postfix and postdrop groups and users. To reduce the output of the grep command, display all logs from a specific Start Time.
1. Use the date command to determine the current time.
```
[root@servera ~]# date
Fri Mar 22 08:23:56 CET 2019 
```
2. Use the grep command with the date, start time, and GID options to find the postfix and postdrop user's GID and UID. The lab set-up script ran a few minutes before the current time. Take this into consideration when searching the /var/log/secure log file.
```
[root@servera ~]# grep '^Mar 22 08:2.*GID' /var/log/secure
Mar 22 08:20:04 servera groupadd[2514]: group added to /etc/group: name=postdrop, GID=90
Mar 22 08:20:04 servera groupadd[2514]: new group: name=postdrop, GID=90
Mar 22 08:20:04 servera groupadd[2520]: group added to /etc/group: name=postfix, GID=89
Mar 22 08:20:04 servera groupadd[2520]: new group: name=postfix, GID=89
Mar 22 08:20:04 servera useradd[2527]: new user: name=postfix, UID=89, GID=89, home=/var/spool/postfix, shell=/sbin/nologin
```

Modify your regular expression to locate the first two messages in the /var/log/maillog file. Notice that in this search you are not using the caret character (^) because you are not searching for the first character in a line.

[root@servera ~]# grep 'postfix' /var/log/maillog | head -n 2
Mar 22 08:21:02 servera postfix/postfix-script[3879]: starting the Postfix mail system
Mar 22 08:21:02 servera postfix/master[3881]: daemon started -- version 3.3.1, configuration /etc/postfix

You are required to find the name of the queue directory for the Postfix server. Search the /etc/postfix/main.cf configuration file for all information about queues. Use the -i option to ignore case distinctions.

[root@servera ~]# grep -i 'queue' /etc/postfix/main.cf
# testing.  When soft_bounce is enabled, mail will remain queued that
# The queue_directory specifies the location of the Postfix queue.
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
# QUEUE AND PROCESS OWNERSHIP
# The mail_owner parameter specifies the owner of the Postfix queue
# is the Sendmail-compatible mail queue listing command.
# setgid_group: The group for mail submission and queue management

Confirm that postfix is writing messages to /var/log/messages. Use the less command then the slash character (/) to search the file. Press n to move to the next entry that matches the search. Use the q key to quit the less command.

[root@servera ~]# less /var/log/messages
...output omitted...
Mar 22 07:58:04 servera systemd[1]: Started Postfix Mail Transport Agent.
...output omitted...
Mar 22 08:12:26 servera systemd[1]: Stopping Postfix Mail Transport Agent...
Mar 22 08:12:26 servera systemd[1]: Stopped Postfix Mail Transport Agent.
...output omitted...
/Postfix

Use the ps aux command to confirm that the postfix server is currently running. Reduce the output of ps aux by combining it with the grep command.

[root@servera ~]# ps aux | grep postfix
root      3881  0.0  0.2 121664  5364 ?        Ss   08:21   0:00 /usr/libexec/postfix/master -w
postfix   3882  0.0  0.4 147284  9088 ?        S    08:21   0:00 pickup -l -t unix -u
postfix   3883  0.0  0.4 147336  9124 ?        S    08:21   0:00 qmgr -l -t unix -u

Confirm that the qmgr, cleanup, and pickup queues are correctly configured. Use the grep command with the -e option to match multiple entries in the same file. The configuration file is /etc/postfix/master.cf

[root@servera ~]# grep -e qmgr -e pickup -e cleanup /etc/postfix/master.cf
pickup    unix  n       -       n       60      1       pickup
cleanup   unix  n       -       n       -       0       cleanup
qmgr      unix  n       -       n       300     1       qmgr
#qmgr     unix  n       -       n       300     1       oqmgr

Log off from servera.

[root@servera ~]# exit
logout
[student@servera ~]$ exit
logout
Connection to servera closed.
[student@workstation ~]$

Finish

On workstation, run the lab console-regex finish script to complete this exercise.

[student@workstation ~]$ lab console-regex finish

This concludes the guided exercise.

Discuss Red Hat System Administration II

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Is It possible to reset root password when the system is on multi-user.target?

jennifer1987

27 lip 2023

Hi thereWell, i have a question, Is It possible to reset root password when the system is on multi-user.target? I was not be able to found a foro o some information related with this and another question that I have, If the grub menu dont show up, is it posible to reset the root password?

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Red Hat System Administration II (RH134)

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21 lip 2023

Build the skills to perform the key tasks needed to become a full-time Linux administratorRed Hat System Administration II (RH134) is the second part of the RHCSA training track for IT professionals who have already attended Red Hat System Administration I. The course goes deeper into core Linux system administration skills in storage configuration and management, installation and deployment of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, management of security features such as SELinux, control of recurring system tasks, management of the boot process and troubleshooting, basic system tuning, and command-line automation and productivity. This course assumes that students have attended Red Hat System Administration I (RH124).Experienced Linux administrators who seek rapid preparation for the RHCSA certification should instead start with RHCSA Rapid Track (RH199).This course is based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.0.Course summaryInstall Red Hat Enterprise Linux using scalable methodsAccess security files, file systems, and networksExecute shell scripting and automation techniquesManage storage devices, logical volumes, and file systemsManage security and system accessControl the boot process and system servicesRun containersAudience for this courseThis course is geared toward Windows system administrators, network administrators, and other system administrators who are interested in supplementing current skills or backstopping other team members, in addition to Linux system administrators who are responsible for these tasks:Configuring, installing, upgrading, and maintaining Linux systems using established standards and proceduresProviding operational supportManaging systems for monitoring system performance and availabilityWriting and deploying scripts for task automation and system administrationRecommended trainingSuccessful completion of Red Hat System Administration I (RH124) is recommended.Experienced Linux administrators seeking to accelerate their path toward becoming a Red Hat Certified System Administrator should start with the RHCSA Rapid Track course (RH199).Take our free assessment to gauge whether this offering is the best fit for your skills.Technology considerationsThere are no special technology requirements.This course is not designed for bring your own device (BYOD).Internet access is not required, but is recommended to allow students to research and access Red Hat online resources.

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18 lip 2023

We are excited to launch a space dedicated to the Red Hat Training course Red Hat System Administration II! To gain the most value from this group - click the "Join Group" button in the upper right hand corner.We encourage group members to collaborate in this group to discuss topics, ask questions, share best practices and tips, provide course feedback, and share their accomplishments as it relates to RH134.Read more about Red Hat System Administration II here.

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